Libya is a country of destination and transit for individuals travelling from North Africa to Europe. Libya is not a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol, and the government has yet to enact the 1969 OAU Convention, as it lacks the legislative framework necessary to address the issue of refugees at the national level. All non-Libyans are subject to Libyan immigration regulations, which offer no protection for refugees. While Article 9 of Law No. 12 of 2010 on labour relations requires all foreigners to obtain a work permit from the Ministry of Labour, it is unclear how refugees can access formal employment, as this law does not mention refugees. As a result, refugees in Libya do not have access to formal employment and mostly engage in informal work.
